Chronological Dates of the Acadian
Expulsion
- Friday, September 5, 1755, the Acadians
were taken into custody by the British under Lieutenant
Colonel John Winslow.
- Saturday - September 6, 1755 The LEOPARD -
Captain Thomas Church arrives at Minas Basin.
- Friday - September 19, 1755 - 230
prisoners had embarked and 300 or more returned from
Halifax and were placed aboard ships. The whole
population of Minas, about 2,000 (excluding Cobequit and
Piziquid) was under armed force of 363 men. The wives and
mothers of the captives were allowed to go aboard the
ships to bring food.
- Thursday - October 9, 1755 - Removed the
several men that were embarked in three different vessels
so as to commode each neighbour for their families to
join them when other transports arrived. (THE HANTS
JOURNAL VOL. LXX No. 52 of the WINDSOR, HANTS COUNTY,
NOVA SCOTIA, Wednesday, May 12, 1937. - "EXPULSION
OF ACADIANS ORGANIZED AT WINDSOR", p. 1 and 12)
- Saturday - October 11, 1755 - The
transports were made ready and during the months of
October and November, in the midst of mass hysteria and
Francophobia that followed the defeat of Braddock and the
prejudicial reporting of the Maryland Gazette, and when
the excitement was on the increase and the minds of the
peolple of Maryland were occupied with these real or
imaginary dangers, that were supposed to be so near at
hand, the sailing of the ships of the expulsion began the
operation of expelling some 913 Acadians to Maryland.
- Monday - October 13, 1755 - The sailing
orders for the Leopold were givin to Captain Thomas
Church by John Winslow. The same orders were given to
Captain Milbury of the Elizabeth.
- Tuesday - October 14, 1755 - Although
Captain Murray, "longed much to see them embarked,
and this was on the 8th of September", it was not
until the 14th October he was able to get the first lot
away. The shiping point was at the north end of Pisiquid
at the junction of the Avon and St. Croix rivers. THE
HANTS JOURNAL VOL. LXX No. 52 of the WINDSOR, HANTS
COUNTY, NOVA SCOTIA, Wednesday, May 12, 1937. -
"EXPULSION OF ACADIANS ORGANIZED AT WINDSOR",
p. 1 and 12) Upwards to 1000 Acadians were embarked on
transports from the King's Wharf at the foot of Fort
Edward, at Pisiquid for deportation to the colonies along
the Atlantic seaboard. (John V. Duncanson -
Rawdon/Douglas: Two Loyalist Townships in Nova Scotia)
Captain Murray writes on that fateful Oct.14th:
"I am at this moment
embarking the people on board two sloops: the "Three
Friends" and the "Dolphin" and had I vessels
they should all go on board tomorrow. The third
Sloop you said you would send me has not yet
arrived. I earnestly entreat you to send her with
all dispatch. The season advances and the weather
is bad, as for Davis, he is gone away without my knowledge by
which means I can do nothing. I am afraid the
Governor will think us dilatory. My people are all ready and
if you think I may venture to put the inhabitants on board
"Davis" I will do it. Even then, with the three
sloops and his scooner they will be stowed in bulk."
(Photocopy of THE HANTS JOURNAL VOL. LXX No. 52
of the WINDSOR, HANTS COUNTY, NOVA SCOTIA, Wednesday, May 12,
1937. - "EXPULSION OF ACADIANS ORGANIZED AT WINDSOR",
p. 1 and 12)
- Tuesday - October 14, 1755 - Fort Edward
Oct. 14, 1755 : The vessels here are two sloops of 156
tons, Davis schooner 90 tons. This cannot do. (photocopy
of THE HANTS JOURNAL VOL. LXX No. 52 of the WINDSOR,
HANTS COUNTY, NOVA SCOTIA, Wednesday, May 12, 1937. -
"EXPULSION OF ACADIANS ORGANIZED AT WINDSOR",
p. 1 and 12)
- Tuesday - October 14, 1755 - Fort Edward:
The vessels here are two sloops of 156 tons, Davis
schooner 90 tons. This cannot do. (Photo copy of an
article that appeared in the Windsor, N.S. newspaper
entitled "EXPULSION OF ACADIANS ORGANIZED AT
WINDSOR")
- Thursday - October 16, 1755 - Captain
Murray further states: "Two days later, (on October
16, 1755), the other transport "Ranger" arrived
(in Pisiquid). Davis was captain of the
"Neptune" and he was replaced by the owner
William Ford as master." (THE HANTS JOURNAL VOL. LXX
No. 52 of the WINDSOR, HANTS COUNTY, NOVA SCOTIA,
Wednesday, May 12, 1937. - "EXPULSION OF ACADIANS
ORGANIZED AT WINDSOR", p. 1 and 12)
- Thursday - October 16, 1755 - Captain
Murray further states: "Two days later, on October
16, 1755, the other transport "Ranger" arrived
(in Pisiquid).
- Sunday - October 19, 1755 - Because of
overcrowding, Captain Alexander Murraywrote Lt. Colonial
Winslow reporting on the overcrowding of the
vesselsassigned to him for the debarking of the Acadians
and requested additionaltransports. (page 9 - Maryland
Historical Magazine - Vol. III No. 1, March1908 -
"The Acadians (French Neutrals) Transported to
Maryland" Basil Sollers)
- Tuesday - October 21 1755 - About 1000
Acadians were gathered at Pisiquid on or about Tuesday 21
October, 1755. It is believed that they were embarked or
deported to the colonies along the Atlantic seaboard on
transports from the Public Landing Place at Pisiquid,
(King's Wharf at the foot of Fort Edward). After the
expulsion, the tidal marshes at the base of Fort Edward
were dyked turned into farmland, and today the location
of the expulsion site is well inland and located at the
foot of King Street (Windsor), N.S.. (John V. Duncanson -
Newport - A Rhode Island Township, p. 4) On that date,
Winslow reported that the commander at Fort Edward had
arrived off Grand Pre with upwards of 100 people in Four
vessels". The ships remained in the Minas Basin
until the other transports carrying Acadian inhabitants
from the Grand Pre area were ready to sail and "fell
down under the convoy of Captain Adams . . .". (John
V. Duncanson - Newport - A Rhode Island Township, p. 4)
- October 21 1755 - About 1000 Acadians were
gathered at Pisiquid on or about 21 October, 1755. It is
believed that they were embarked or deported to the
colonies along the Atlantic seaboard on transports from
the Public Landing Place at Pisiquid, (King's Warf at the
foot of Fort Edward), which is now located at the foot of
King Street (Windsor), N.S.. (John V. Duncanson - Newport
- A Rhode Island Township, p. 4)
- Tuesday - October 21, 1755 - On that date,
Winslow reported that the commander at Fort Edward had
arrived off Grand Pre with upwards of 1000 people in Four
vessels". The ships remained in the Minas Basin
until the other transports carrying Acadian inhabitants
from the Grand PrT area were ready to sail and "fell
down under the convoy of Captain Adams . . .". (John
V. Duncanson - Newport - A Rhode Island Township, p. 4)
- Thursday - October 23, 1755 - It is
reported that Captain Murray has shipped from Pizaquid
his whole and upwards of eleven hundred. (Photo copy of
an article that appeared in the Windsor, N.S. newspaper
entitled "EXPULSION OF ACADIANS ORGANIZED AT
WINDSOR")
Note: The above dates will have to
be checked out. Earlier reports have the ships being loaded
on October 27, 1755 and embarking on October 28, 1755.
- Thursday - October 23, 1755 - It is
reported that Captain Murray has shipped from Pizaquid
his whole and upwards of eleven hundred. (Photo copy of
the THE HANTS JOURNAL VOL. LXX No. 52 of the WINDSOR,
HANTS COUNTY, NOVA SCOTIA, Wednesday, May 12, 1937. -
"EXPULSION OF ACADIANS ORGANIZED AT WINDSOR",
p. 1and 12
- Monday - October 27, 1755 - 493 Acadians
from the parishes of St. Famille and L'Assomption in
Pisiguit - and 420 Acadians from the parishes of St.
Charles in Grand Pre and Riviere-Aux-Canards and St.
Joseph in Grand Pre (for a total of 913 Acadians) boarded
six ships, with orders that two persons per ton burden
were to be placed on the transports, and sailed for
Maryland. Among them were the Ranger, (90 tons burden,
Francis Peirey, master) with about 323 (or 263), 83 over
her compliment aboard, and the Dolphin (87 tons burden,
Zebad Farman, master) with 227 (or 230), 56 over her
compliment aboard. These two ships embarked from
Pisiguit, under the direction of Captain Alexander
Murray.
It is believed that in Pisiquid,
the Acadians were permitted to live in their homes until the
transports arrived. This probably accounted for the fact that
the Acadian buildings on both sides of the Pisiquid River
were not burned, as was the case ar Grand-Pre. Because they
were not held prisoner in one central location, as was the
case of Grand Pre, it is impossible to establish an accurate
list of the persons who were deported from Pisiquid. (John V.
Duncanson, - FALMOUTH - A NEW ENGLAND TOWNSHIP IN NOVA SCOTIA
- p. 7) & (John Wilson, president of Windsor, West Hants
Historical Society on videotape)
The embarkation began on Wednesday
October 8, 1755 and continued until Tuesday the 28th of
October, 1755. In order to hasten the undertaking, the ships
were overloaded and to make room for even more, the Acadians
were forced to leave practically all of their goods on shore,
where they were found still lying on the shore by the English
settlers who came six years later.
The livestock throughout the Minas,
which were estimated at over 118,000, were left to roam
aimlessly in the fields, but were later dispersed amongst the
New England settlers, who had been referred to earlier as
"proper British subjects". Many other homes and
structures were burned later, leaving no trace of the 75
years of Acadian occupation in the area.
- On Tuesday December 9, 1755 the
inhabitants of Port Royal and the remaining 900 from
Grand Pre were deported.
- Saturday - December 13, 1755 - In Grand
Pre, there were some Adacians deported on the scooner
DOVE and about 200 on the Brigantine SWALLOW.
- Saturday December 20 - 120 Acadians were
deported on the scooner RACEHORSE and 112 on the scooner
Ranger, for a total of 732 that were embarked on the
wintry nights of December, 1755 from Grand Pre.
The Acadians were
deported as follows:
- 900 to Massachusetts
- 675 to Connecticut
- 200 to New York
- 700 to Pennsylvania
- 860 to Maryland
- 290 to North Carolina
- 955 to South Carolina
- 320 to Georgia
Virginia refused to
accept the 1,150 Acadians that were sent to them, so they were
sent to England.
- Monday March 16, 1756 and again on Sunday
April 19, 1756 - The Governor of Maryland refers to the
condition of the Acadians and requests by Callister and
others for reimbursement for the expenses they incurred
taking care of them. He sends a copy of an Act of the
Pennsylvania Assembly which regulates the conduct,
movement and activities of the Acadians and suggests that
they be made to support themselves by their own labors.
(page 12-15 Maryland Historical Magazine - Vol.
III No. 1, March 1908 - "The Acadians (French
Neutrals) Transported to Maryland" - Basil Sollers)
- Thursday April 23, 1756 "An Act to
impower the Justices of the several County Courts to make
provisions for the late inhabitants of Nova Scotia, and
for regulating their conduct". The Acadians had
regarded themselves as prisoners of war and were entitled
to be supported as such, but the authorities would not
accept this because it would be their responsibility to
care for them. With this Act, except for those unable to
because of infirmity, to be supported by themselves and
labor for their own support, or be compelled to do so
and, the children of those who were unable to support
their children, were bonded out to those who could or
would support them. Likewise the orphans were also
bounded out. The Acadians were also ordered to render an
exact list of their men, boys and girls and were not
allowed to wander more than ten miles from their abode,
or out of the county where they resided without a pass
from the Priovincial or County Magistrate describing the
person, residence and time and place of destination.
- Thursday May 14, 1756 - In Acadia,
Lawrence set up a bounty of 30 pounds sterling for each
male scalp over 16, and 25 for younger males or women and
children. Although this was ostensibly limited to
Indians, in practice, the English paid the bounties
without inquiring into the race of the original owners of
the scalps.
- Wednesday May 27, 1756 - The Acadians were
quartered virtually as prisoners, not to leave town
without a written permit of the selectmen under penalty
of five days in prison or ten lashes. they depended on
the cold hand of the public for food clothes and lodging
and were given some provisions. (27 May 1756, Proceedings
and Acts of the General Assembly of Maryland -[Baltimore,
1930] 24: 542 ff. - also Sollers "The Acadians
(French Neutrals) Transported to Maryland" -
Maryland Historical Magazine 3 (1907): 18.
- On July 1, 1756, an order was given by
Governor Sharp to destroy any and all vessels that had
been prepared by the Acadians for their return to Acadia.
(page 16 - Maryland Historical Magazine - Vol. III No. 1,
March 1908 - "TheAcadians (French Neutrals)
Transported to Maryland" - Basil Sollers)
- August, 1756 - While at Oxford, the
Acadians petitioned the Maryland legislature for relief
and in August 1756, at the Talbot County Court, a
petition was presented : "... setting forth that
Joseph Bujiale, Fermee and Charles Landree, French
neutrals, have each three small children, the oldest of
which is not over five years of age... that they cannot
support their families, and can hardley get bread for
themselves." The justices of the court allowed each
500 pounds of tobacco, then used as money in Maryland, in
modern terms about $20.00. Later they alloted 750 pounds
of tobacco to Abraham Landry. (Oswald Tilghman, comp.,
History of Talbot County Maryland, 2 vol., Baltimore,
1915, v.II, p. 500)
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